
Introduction
Greece, the cradle of Western civilization and democracy, has a rich history that continues to influence its modern political system. The governmental and political system in Greece is a parliamentary representative democratic republic, characterized by a strong emphasis on democratic principles and citizen participation.
Body
The President of Greece serves as the head of state and is elected for a five-year term by the Hellenic Parliament. The President’s role is largely ceremonial, with some influence over the appointment of the Prime Minister and the signing of laws. As of January 2024, the President is Katerina Sakellaropoulou.
The Prime Minister, appointed by the President and confirmed by the Parliament, is the head of government and holds significant executive power. The Prime Minister leads the Cabinet, which is responsible for implementing laws and running the day-to-day affairs of the government. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are accountable to the Parliament.
Greece’s legislative branch is unicameral, consisting of the Hellenic Parliament. The Parliament has 300 members elected for four-year terms through a proportional representation system. The Parliament’s primary functions are to pass laws, approve the budget, and oversee the executive branch. Greece’s political landscape is marked by a multi-party system, with New Democracy and the Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA) being some of the major players.
The judiciary in Greece is independent and operates under the principles of the rule of law. The judicial system includes the Council of State, the Court of Cassation, and various lower courts. The Council of State is the highest administrative court, while the Court of Cassation is the highest court of appeal for civil and criminal cases.
Conclusion
Greece’s governmental and political system is a parliamentary republic that emphasizes democratic principles and citizen participation. The unicameral Parliament and an independent judiciary further ensure the effective functioning of democracy in Greece. This system has provided stability and continuity, allowing Greece to navigate its complex regional dynamics and pursue development.