Perennialism is an educational philosophy that emphasizes teaching ideas and concepts that have remained constant throughout history. This approach focuses on the development of intellectual and moral qualities rather than practical or vocational skills. Key principles of Perennialism include: Perennialists argue that education should focus on: This philosophy contrasts with more progressive approaches that emphasize […]

Perception is the process by which we interpret and organize sensory information to understand our environment and experiences. It’s a fundamental cognitive function that allows us to make sense of the world around us. Key components of perception include: Perception is influenced by various factors: Understanding perception is crucial in fields like psychology, education, and […]

Peer tutoring is an educational practice where students help each other learn through a structured and supportive environment. This method involves pairing students together to review concepts, practice skills, or work on academic tasks. The tutor, usually a student who has mastered the material, guides a peer who is still learning. Key aspects of peer […]

Phoneme isolation is another critical phonological awareness skill that involves identifying individual sounds within words. It requires learners to recognize and separate specific phonemes, which is crucial for developing reading and spelling abilities. Key points about phoneme isolation: For instance, a child might be asked to identify the first sound in “dog” (/d/), the last […]

Phoneme blending is a crucial phonological awareness skill that involves combining individual sounds (phonemes) to form words. It’s an essential step in learning to read and spell, as it helps children understand how sounds come together to create meaningful units of language. Key aspects of phoneme blending: For example, a child learning to blend might […]

A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in spoken language that can distinguish one word from another. It’s a fundamental concept in phonics and linguistics, crucial for understanding how language works and how reading and writing are acquired. Key points about phonemes: Phonemes are often confused with letters, but they represent sounds, not written […]

Philosophy for Children (P4C) is an educational approach that introduces philosophical inquiry and critical thinking to young learners. Developed by Matthew Lipman in the 1970s, P4C aims to cultivate reasoning skills, ethical understanding, and collaborative dialogue among children. Key aspects of P4C include: P4C sessions often use children’s literature, images, or real-life situations as stimuli […]

Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) is a term used to describe a group of conditions characterized by delays in the development of socialization and communication skills. PDD is now considered part of the broader category of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in the DSM-5. Key features of PDD include: PDD encompasses several specific disorders, including Autism, Asperger’s […]

Persuasive writing is a form of non-fiction writing that aims to convince readers to accept a particular viewpoint or take a specific action. It uses logical arguments, emotional appeals, and credible evidence to influence the audience’s beliefs or behaviors. Key elements of persuasive writing include: Persuasive writing is used in various contexts, including advertising, political […]

Personalized learning is an educational approach that tailors instruction, content, and pacing to meet the unique needs, interests, and abilities of individual students. Unlike traditional one-size-fits-all methods, personalized learning recognizes that each student has different strengths, weaknesses, and learning styles. Key features of personalized learning include: Personalized learning aims to increase student engagement, improve academic […]