Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by the absence of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color. The term “albino” comes from the Latin word “albus,” meaning white. This condition affects various species, including humans, animals, and plants.

In humans, albinism is a rare inherited disorder that occurs in all racial and ethnic groups. It results from mutations in genes that control the production of melanin. There are several types of albinism, each affecting melanin production differently.

Historically, people with albinism have faced discrimination and superstition in many cultures. In some African countries, they have been persecuted due to harmful myths. However, awareness and education have helped combat these misconceptions.

Albinism affects not only appearance but also vision. Many people with albinism have visual impairments, including photophobia (sensitivity to light), nystagmus (involuntary eye movements), and reduced visual acuity.

Despite challenges, many individuals with albinism lead fulfilling lives, excelling in various fields. Notable figures with albinism include musician Edgar Winter and model Diandra Forrest.