Knowing how to provide first aid for sprains and broken bones is crucial in emergency situations. Here’s a guide for both:

Sprains:

1. Remember RICE:
   • Rest: Stop using the injured area.
   • Ice: Apply cold packs for 20 minutes every 1-2 hours.
   • Compression: Use an elastic bandage to reduce swelling.
   • Elevation: Raise the injured area above heart level when possible.
2. Avoid heat or alcohol in the first 48 hours, as they can increase swelling.
3. Use over-the-counter pain relievers if needed.
4. Seek medical attention if pain is severe or doesn’t improve.

Broken Bones (Fractures):

1. Keep the person still to prevent further injury.
2. Control any bleeding with gentle pressure.
3. Apply ice packs wrapped in cloth to reduce swelling.
4. For open fractures (bone piercing skin), cover the wound with a clean cloth.
5. Immobilize the injured area:
   • Don’t try to realign the bone.
   • Use a splint or sling if available, padding it for comfort.
6. Monitor for signs of shock (pale, cool, clammy skin; rapid breathing).
7. Seek immediate medical attention.

For both:

• Don’t move the person unless absolutely necessary.
• Call emergency services for severe injuries or if you’re unsure of the severity.
• Keep the injured person comfortable and reassured until help arrives.

Remember, proper first aid can prevent further injury and aid in recovery, but it’s not a substitute for professional medical care.