What is Socioeconomic Status (SES)?
Socioeconomic status (SES) is a measure of an individual’s or family’s economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education, and occupation. It is a key factor in sociological research and is widely recognized as having a significant impact on various aspects of life, including health, education, and overall well-being.
Components of socioeconomic status:
Income: Financial resources and earning potential
Education: Level of educational attainment and access to educational opportunities
Occupation: Type of work, job prestige, and career advancement possibilities
Categories of SES:
Low SES: Limited access to resources, often associated with poverty
Middle SES: Moderate access to resources and opportunities
High SES: Abundant access to resources and privileges
Factors influencing SES:
Family background and intergenerational wealth transfer
Access to quality education and healthcare
Social networks and connections
Geographic location and community resources
Race, ethnicity, and gender (intersectionality)
Impact of SES on various life domains:
Health: Higher SES is associated with better health outcomes, access to healthcare, and health literacy
Education: SES affects educational attainment, school quality, and academic achievement
Employment: Influences job opportunities, career advancement